30+ Types of African Cichlids – Beautiful & Colorful Species
Discover the magnificent world of African Cichlids, a dazzling array of colorful and unique fish species. Join me as I share my personal experience in exploring the various types of cichlids, their distinct features, and fascinating behaviors that make them such a popular choice among aquatic enthusiasts.
I’ve compiled a list of many species including larger and smaller fish from various African lakes such as Lake Malawi, Lake Tanganyika, and Lake Viktoria.
Electric Yellow Cichlid (Labidochromis caeruleus)
Bright and eye-catching, the Electric Yellow Cichlid is one of the most popular African cichlids. Also known as the Electric Lab is the go-to choice among fish beginner keepers for its striking appearance and relatively peaceful fish. When it comes to providing the right tank conditions, keep these factors in mind:
- Temperament: Peaceful
- Diet: Omnivorous
- Tank Size: 30 gallons minimum (113 liters)
- Care Level: Moderate
- Lifespan: 5 to 6 years
- Temperature: 74 to 82°F (23 to 28°C)
- Adult Size: 4 inches (10 cm)
Electric Blue Hap (Sciaenochromis ahli)
The Electric Blue Hap is known for its stunning blue coloration and is a striking addition to any aquarium. When creating a suitable tank environment, be mindful of these essential requirements:
- Temperament: Semi-aggressive
- Diet: Carnivorous
- Tank Size: 75 gallons minimum (284 liters)
- Care Level: Moderate
- Lifespan: 6 to 10 years
- Temperature: 75 to 81°F (24 to 27°C)
- Adult Size: 6 to 8 inches (15 to 20 cm)
Venustus Cichlid (Nimbochromis venustus)
The Venustus Cichlid stands out with its attractive coloration and impressive size, making it a notable addition to any aquarium. Pay attention to these key points when setting up their tank:
- Temperament: Semi-aggressive
- Diet: Carnivorous
- Tank Size: 75 gallons minimum (284 liters)
- Care Level: Moderate
- Lifespan: 8 to 10 years
- Temperature: 72 to 82°F (22 to 28°C)
- Adult Size: 10 inches (25 cm)
Bumblebee Cichlid (Pseudotropheus crabro)
The Bumblebee Cichlid, known for its distinctive black and yellow stripes, adds a touch of vibrancy and intrigue to any aquarium. Be sure to accommodate their needs with these essential requirements:
- Temperament: Aggressive
- Diet: Omnivorous
- Tank Size: 55 gallons minimum (208 liters)
- Care Level: Moderate
- Lifespan: 5 to 7 years
- Temperature: 72 to 82°F (22 to 28°C)
- Adult Size: 4 to 6 inches (10 to 15 cm)
Frontosa Cichlid (Cyphotilapia frontosa)
The regal Frontosa Cichlid is renowned for its humped forehead and calm demeanor, making it a popular choice among aquarium enthusiasts. When setting up their habitat, consider these crucial aspects:
- Temperament: Peaceful
- Diet: Carnivorous
- Tank Size: 125 gallons minimum (473 liters)
- Care Level: Moderate
- Lifespan: 15 to 25 years
- Temperature: 72 to 78°F (22 to 25.5°C)
- Adult Size: 12 to 14 inches (30 to 35 cm)
Jewel Cichlid (Hemichromis bimaculatus)
With their striking red color, the Jewel Cichlid truly lives up to its name. Despite their beauty, they can be territorial and must be housed with caution. Take note of these essential care requirements:
- Temperament: Aggressive
- Diet: Omnivorous
- Tank Size: 40 gallons minimum (151 liters)
- Care Level: Moderate
- Lifespan: 5 to 7 years
- Temperature: 75 to 80°F (24 to 27°C)
- Adult Size: 4 to 5 inches (10 to 12.5 cm)
Blue Dolphin Cichlid (Cyrtocara moorii)
The Blue Dolphin Cichlid, known for its distinct hump on its forehead, is a graceful addition to an appropriate tank setup. To ensure their well-being, take these factors into consideration:
- Temperament: Peaceful
- Diet: Omnivorous
- Tank Size: 75 gallons minimum (284 liters)
- Care Level: Moderate
- Lifespan: 8 to 10 years
- Temperature: 76 to 82°F (24 to 28°C)
- Adult Size: 8 to 9 inches (20 to 23 cm)
Zebra Shell Dweller (Neolamprologus similis)
The Zebra Shell Dweller, known for its penchant for living in shells, offers a fascinating behavior to observe in your aquarium. The Neolamprologus species are considered dwarf cichlids, as they bearly reach a couple of inches in size.
- Temperament: Peaceful
- Diet: Carnivorous
- Tank Size: 20 gallons minimum (76 liters)
- Care Level: Easy
- Lifespan: 5 to 8 years
- Temperature: 75 to 80°F (24 to 27°C)
- Adult Size: 2 to 2.5 inches (5 to 6.5 cm)
Demasoni Cichlid (Pseudotropheus demasoni)
The Demasoni Cichlid stands out with its vibrant blue and black stripes, making it an attractive addition to any aquarium. To create a favorable environment for these fish, take note of the following:
- Temperament: Aggressive
- Diet: Herbivorous
- Tank Size: 40 gallons minimum (151 liters)
- Care Level: Moderate
- Lifespan: 5 to 8 years
- Temperature: 75 to 84°F (24 to 29°C)
- Adult Size: 3 inches (7.5 cm)
Acei Cichlid (Pseudotropheus acei)
The Acei Cichlid, known for its elongated body and shimmering blue hues, is a peaceful addition to a community aquarium. To ensure their contentment and thriving, consider these essentials:
- Temperament: Peaceful
- Diet: Omnivorous
- Tank Size: 55 gallons minimum (208 liters)
- Care Level: Easy
- Lifespan: 5 to 10 years
- Temperature: 78 to 82°F (25 to 28°C)
- Adult Size: 4 to 6 inches (10 to 15 cm)
Kenyi Cichlid (Metriaclima lombardoi)
The Kenyi Cichlid boasts bright blues and yellows, making it a stunning addition to any aquarium. However, due to their aggressive nature, they require specific tank conditions, as outlined below:
- Temperament: Aggressive
- Diet: Omnivorous
- Tank Size: 50 gallons minimum (189 liters)
- Care Level: Moderate
- Lifespan: 5 to 7 years
- Temperature: 75 to 79°F (24 to 26°C)
- Adult Size: 4 to 6 inches (10 to 15 cm)
Red Zebra Cichlid (Maylandia estherae)
The Red Zebra Cichlid, famous for its striking red-orange color, is a bright and eye-catching addition to your tank. To ensure their happiness and well-being, consider these key requirements:
- Temperament: Aggressive
- Diet: Herbivorous
- Tank Size: 30 gallons minimum (113 liters)
- Care Level: Moderate
- Lifespan: 6 to 10 years
- Temperature: 72 to 82°F (22 to 28°C)
- Adult Size: 4 to 5 inches (10 to 12.5 cm)
OB (Peacock) Cichlid (Aulonocara sp.)
The OB Peacock Cichlid, scientifically known as Aulonocara, is a popular and vibrant fish species that originates from the waters of Lake Malawi. These Lake Malawi cichlids are sought-after by aquarists for their intriguing color patterns, making them a focal point in any aquarium.
- Temperament: Semi-aggressive
- Diet: Carnivore
- Tank Size: 55 gallons (208 liters) and up
- Care Level: Intermediate
- Lifespan: 6-8 years
- Temperature: 76-82°F (24-28°C)
- Adult Size: 4-6 inches (10-15 cm)
Duboisi Cichlid (Tropheus duboisi)
Duboisi Cichlids, also known as White Spotted Cichlids (Tropheus duboisi), are fascinating fish native to Lake Tanganyika. With their striking appearance and unique behavior, they have captured the attention of many aquarists who are seeking to add vibrancy and personality to their aquariums.
- Temperament: Aggressive
- Diet: Herbivore
- Tank Size: 50 gallons (190 liters) and up
- Care Level: Intermediate to Expert
- Lifespan: 8-10 years
- Temperature: 72-82°F (22-28°C)
- Adult Size: 4-5 inches (10-13 cm)
Socolofi Cichlid (Pseudotropheus socolofi)
Hailing from the rocky shores of Lake Malawi, the Socolofi Cichlid, or Pseudotropheus socolofi, boasts a beautiful light blue color that endears it to fish enthusiasts. This fish’s attractive appearance and engaging behavior make it a wonderful addition to African cichlid aquariums.
- Temperament: Semi-aggressive
- Diet: Omnivore
- Tank Size: 55 gallons (208 liters) and up
- Care Level: Intermediate
- Lifespan: 8-10 years
- Temperature: 72-82°F (22-28°C)
- Adult Size: 4-5 inches (10-13 cm)
Golden Mbuna Cichlid (Melanochromis auratus)
The Golden Mbuna Cichlid, scientifically known as Melanochromis auratus, is an attractive species of African cichlid hailing from Lake Malawi. Their striking gold and black-striped pattern adds a touch of elegance to any cichlid tank, and their active behavior keeps things interesting.
- Temperament: Aggressive
- Diet: Omnivore
- Tank Size: 55 gallons (208 liters) and up
- Care Level: Intermediate
- Lifespan: 8-10 years
- Temperature: 72-82°F (22-28°C)
- Adult Size: 4-5 inches (10-13 cm)
Livingston’s Cichlid (Nimbochromis livingstonii)
The Livingston’s Cichlid, or Nimbochromis livingstonii, is a unique African cichlid originating from Lake Malawi. With its interesting hunting behavior and spotted pattern, this fish is a captivating addition to any home aquarium tailored to African cichlids.
- Temperament: Semi-aggressive
- Diet: Carnivore
- Tank Size: 75 gallons (284 liters) and up
- Care Level: Intermediate
- Lifespan: 8-10 years
- Temperature: 72-82°F (22-28°C)
- Adult Size: 8-10 inches (20-25 cm)
Calvus Cichlid (Altolamprologus calvus)
The Calvus Cichlid, known as Altolamprologus calvus, is a distinctive African cichlid from Lake Tanganyika. With its elegant elongated body, dark colors, and striking white markings, the Calvus Cichlid adds a sense of sophistication to any aquarium dedicated to African cichlids.
- Temperament: Semi-aggressive
- Diet: Carnivore
- Tank Size: 40 gallons (151 liters) and up
- Care Level: Intermediate
- Lifespan: 8-10 years
- Temperature: 75-82°F (24-28°C)
- Adult Size: 4-6 inches (10-15 cm)
Tropheus Cichlid (Tropheus moorii)
Native to the rocky shores of Lake Tanganyika, the Tropheus Cichlid, or Tropheus moorii, displays an array of bold colors and patterns that make it a highly sought-after species among African cichlid enthusiasts. They are also known for their active and social behavior.
- Temperament: Aggressive
- Diet: Herbivore
- Tank Size: 50 gallons (190 liters) and up
- Care Level: Expert
- Lifespan: 8-10 years
- Temperature: 75-82°F (24-28°C)
- Adult Size: 4-6 inches (10-15 cm)
Daffodil Cichlid (Neolamprologus pulcher)
The Daffodil Cichlid, or Neolamprologus pulcher, is a small and beautiful species of African cichlid originating from Lake Tanganyika. Known for their striking blue eyes and bright yellow-orange dorsal fin, these fish are beloved by enthusiasts for their unmatched beauty and endearing behavior.
- Temperament: Semi-aggressive
- Diet: Omnivore
- Tank Size: 30 gallons (114 liters) and up
- Care Level: Intermediate
- Lifespan: 5-8 years
- Temperature: 75-82°F (24-28°C)
- Adult Size: 3-4 inches (7.5-10 cm)
Lavender Mbuna – Rusty Cichlid (Iodotropheus sprengerae)
The Lavender Mbuna, also known as the Rusty Cichlid or Iodotropheus sprengerae, is a spectacular African cichlid originating from the waters of Lake Malawi. Showcasing a rich rusty brown color and a calm demeanor, these fish provide a touch of diversity and tranquility to any cichlid aquarium.
- Temperament: Peaceful
- Diet: Omnivore
- Tank Size: 55 gallons (208 liters) and up
- Care Level: Beginner
- Lifespan: 8-10 years
- Temperature: 72-82°F (22-28°C)
- Adult Size: 4-5 inches (10-13 cm)
Maingano Cichlid (Melanochromis cyaneorhabdos)
The delightful Maingano Cichlid, or Melanochromis cyaneorhabdos, originates from Lake Malawi and captivates aquarists with its brilliant blue coloration and contrasting horizontal stripes. Despite their small size, these fish are active and engaging, making them a popular choice for African cichlid aquariums.
- Temperament: Semi-aggressive
- Diet: Omnivore
- Tank Size: 55 gallons (208 liters) and up
- Care Level: Beginner to Intermediate
- Lifespan: 7-10 years
- Temperature: 72-82°F (22-28°C)
- Adult Size: 3-4 inches (7.5-10 cm)
Zebra Mbuna (Maylandia zebra)
The Zebra Mbuna, or Maylandia zebra, is an eye-catching African cichlid native to Lake Malawi. With their striking black and white horizontal stripes—similar to a zebra’s pattern—these fish are sure to stand out in any cichlid tank and bring a lively atmosphere with their active nature.
- Temperament: Aggressive
- Diet: Herbivore
- Tank Size: 50 gallons (190 liters) and up
- Care Level: Intermediate
- Lifespan: 6-10 years
- Temperature: 72-82°F (22-28°C)
- Adult Size: 4-6 inches (10-15 cm)
Leleupi Cichlid (Neolamprologus leleupi)
The Leleupi Cichlid, or Neolamprologus leleupi, is a striking African cichlid originating from Lake Tanganyika. Its vibrant yellow or orange coloration combined with its slender, elongated body makes it a highly sought-after species among cichlid enthusiasts who want to add a pop of color to their aquarium.
- Temperament: Semi-aggressive
- Diet: Carnivore
- Tank Size: 30 gallons (114 liters) and up
- Care Level: Intermediate
- Lifespan: 5-8 years
- Temperature: 75-82°F (24-28°C)
- Adult Size: 3-5 inches (7.5-13 cm)
Bluegray Mbuna (Melanochromis johannii)
The Bluegray Mbuna, or Melanochromis johannii, is a fascinating African cichlid inhabiting the rocky coastlines of Lake Malawi. Boasting a beautiful combination of blue and gray stripes and lively patterns, these fish bring a dynamic and eye-catching element to any cichlid tank.
- Temperament: Semi-aggressive to Aggressive
- Diet: Omnivore
- Tank Size: 55 gallons (208 liters) and up
- Care Level: Intermediate
- Lifespan: 6-8 years
- Temperature: 72-82°F (22-28°C)
- Adult Size: 4-6 inches (10-15 cm)
Buffalo Head Cichlid (Steatocranus casuarius)
The Buffalo Head Cichlid, also known as Steatocranus casuarius, is an intriguing African cichlid hailing from the Congo River basin. Its unique appearance, characterized by a large hump on the forehead and a dark, mottled color pattern, adds an interesting dynamic to any cichlid aquarium.
- Temperament: Semi-aggressive
- Diet: Omnivore
- Tank Size: 40 gallons (151 liters) and up
- Care Level: Intermediate
- Lifespan: 8-10 years
- Temperature: 73-82°F (23-28°C)
- Adult Size: 4-5 inches (10-13 cm)
Yellow Belly Hap Cichlid (Astatotilapia aeneocolor)
The Yellow Belly Hap Cichlid, or Astatotilapia aeneocolor, is an enchanting African cichlid species found in the Lake Victoria basin. With its charming blend of blue and yellow coloration and its inquisitive behavior, this attractive cichlid brings life and energy to any aquarium where African cichlids are welcome.
- Temperament: Semi-aggressive
- Diet: Omnivore
- Tank Size: 50 gallons (190 liters) and up
- Care Level: Intermediate
- Lifespan: 5-8 years
- Temperature: 75-82°F (24-28°C)
- Adult Size: 4-5 inches (10-13 cm)
Black Diamond Cichlid (Paratilapia polleni)
The beautiful Black Diamond Cichlid is endemic to Madagascar. This species boasts a striking dark pattern that earned it the nickname ‘Black Diamond’. Its unique aesthetics make it a prized addition to any fish tank.
- Temperament: Semi-aggressive, give it enough space to swim and roam around.
- Diet & Feeding: Omnivorous, it needs a balanced diet of pellets, flakes, live or frozen options, with vegetable matter
- Tank Size: Minimum 55 gallons (208.2 liters)
- Care Level: Moderate, requiring balanced diet and careful water conditioning
- Lifespan: Generally, these live for 8-10 years with proper care
- Temperature: Thrives between 72-82°F (22-28°C)
- Adult Size: Grows up to a maximum size of 12 inches (30.48 cm)
Kribensis Cichlid (Pelvicachromis pulcher)
The Kribensis Cichlid is a popular African Cichlid fish. This beautiful fish, known for its vibrant colors, is an asset in any aquarium. Originally from the Niger River in Africa, it thrives in a variety of environments, providing tremendous flexibility for aquarists.
- Temperament: Peaceful but may show territorial behaviors during breeding.
- Diet & Feeding: Omnivorous, enjoys a mixed diet of flakes, pellets & live food.
- Tank Size: Requires 20-30 gallons (75-113 liters)
- Lifespan: Can live up to 5 years with proper care.
- Care Level: Easy to moderate.
- Temperature: Ideally between 72-82°F (22-28°C).
- Adult Size: Typically grows to 3-4 inches (7.5-10 cm).
African Butterfly Cichlid (Anomalochromis thomasi)
The African Butterfly Cichlid is a stunning sight in any aquarium. Its colorful appearance and playful behavior make it an attractive choice for aquarium enthusiasts.
- Temperament: It’s semi-aggressive in temperament. Hence, big enough tanks are advisable for cohabitation.
- Diet & Feeding: An omnivore, it relishes flake foods, brine shrimp, daphnia, and vegetable matter.
- Tank Size: This species requires a minimum tank size of 20 gallons (about 76 liters).
- Lifespan: Live up to 10 years under suitable conditions.
- Care Level: Generally easy to care for, making it appropriate for beginners.
- Temperature: Prefers a temperature range of 75-82°F (24-28°C).
- Adult Size: Grows up to 3 inches (approx 7.6 cm) in length.
Conclusion
From attractive colors and patterns to distinctive shapes and behaviors, African cichlids offer an array of choices for aquarium enthusiasts. Whichever species you decide to keep, these fish promise to bring life and excitement to your cichlid tank. We’d love to hear your thoughts—please leave a comment below!